Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) is a byproduct of making iron and steel, i.e., a fine powder grounded from the glassy, granular material that forms when molten iron blast furnace slag is air quenched with water or steam. ... Conservation and Recycling, 2012. 1 Introduction. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a by ...
Ever-increasing energy costs and environmental restrictions have compelled researchers to focus on the reutilization of vast amounts of industrial by-products such as blast furnace slag and steelmaking slag, in energy extensive and material extensive industries such as iron-steel production and construction.
Fundamental studies regarding pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy for recycling valuable metals from BFD such as direct reduction, leaching, and extraction, …
Industrial wastes like cupola slag, steel furnace slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag, electric arc furnace slag, etc. may be recycled or used in new ways to lessen the impact of land pollution on the environment [4]. Fig. 1 depicts the annual production of various slags worldwide. Slags can be used in a variety of building …
The problem of the accumulation of waste from the metallurgical industry in Ukraine, in particular, blast furnace slag, has an economic and environmental component.
Diopside-based glass-ceramics are successfully produced by recycling blast furnace slag and fluorite tailing with the addition of supplementary elements such as TiO2, Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 as nucleation agents, using a conventional melting method. The effects of various nucleating agents on the phase components and structure of the …
Blast-furnace slag and its derivative GGBS are examples of industrial byproducts that. are primarily utilized as supplemental cementitious products in cement and concrete pr o-duction.
The blast furnace smelting process for vanadium titania-magnetite is shown in Fig. 1.The low concentration of TiO 2 with about 1.5 wt.% in the primary mineral can be enriched into titania-bearing slag with more than 20 wt.% TiO x, 29,30 as shown by the composition range in Table I; other oxides including CaO, MgO, SiO 2, and Al 2 O 3 are …
1. Introduction. Blast furnace slag (BFS), one of the typical bulk industrial solid wastes, is generated during the iron making process due to the chemical reaction between the gangue minerals and various fluxes (Tripathy et al., 2020).Among all the different types of BFS, the water quenched slag (WQS) is the most representative one …
Blast Furnace Slag is used in the construction industry as a mineral amendment or aggregate. Their use in Earth Construction, due to their post-industrial origin, may be associated with increased levels of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in the soil. ... The recycling of aggregates from post-industrial waste such as Blast Furnace Slag, …
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) The importance of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) lies in its greener way to become a substitute in concrete material. GGBS being a waste material, it needs proper method for disposal. So incorporating this waste material in concrete can reduce the depletion of …
In order to tackle the environmental problems induced by Portland cement production and industrial solid wastes landfilling, this study aims to develop novel ternary cementless fly ash-based geopolymer by recycling red mud and blast furnace slag industrial solid wastes. The fresh-state properties, m …
In blast furnaces (BF) ore gangue and non-metallic impurities are removed from the metal ore, thereby producing pig iron and slag as the final products. Pig iron …
A novel approach for simultaneous recycling of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag, diamond wire saw Si powder, and Al alloy scrap for preparing TiSi 2 and Al-Si alloys. J. Hazard Mater., 427 (2022), Article 127905. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar. Cited by (0) View Abstract
Along with iron and steel production, large amount of slag is generated. Proper management on the iron- and steelmaking slag is highly demanded due to the high cost of direct disposal of the slag to landfill, which is the most adopted management approach. In this article, the potential application of iron- and steelmaking slag has been …
The results indicated that saline solution could accelerate the dissolution of Ca 2+ in blast-furnace slag, reduce the activity of water, and lead to high acidity in the …
The three most important trends for slag recycling relate to further investments in granulation plants for blast furnace slag, the increase in slag trading with separate slag …
Blast-furnace slag and its derivative GGBS are examples of industrial byproducts that are primarily utilized as supplemental cementitious products in cement and concrete production. Its self …
In this paper, blast furnace slag was modified using iron tailings, and was then used to prepare slag fiber online; the effects of the acidity coefficient on the properties of the molten modified ...
Shi 35 used Na 2 SiO 3 to activate the LF slag-ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) mixture to replace cement in mortars. The Na 2 SiO 3-activated slag exhibited better cementitious properties compared to the non-activated slag mixture. Under normal hydration conditions, γ-C2S is an inert material, and the hydration and strength ...
Liquid blast furnace slag is processed into ground granulated blast furnace slag and used in the cement industry, where it replaces clinker burned from limestone, thus saving a much-used primary raw material.
Blast furnace slag is furthermore classified into granulated blast furnace slag and air-cooled blast furnace slag. ... Slag recycling in the steel job constitutes a relevant way of reusing with important economic impact on refractory costs. The coating and ing practices are very useful in BOF converters and EAF.
The recycling–utilization rate of steel slag in China is less than 30%. Steel slag is rich in CaO and can produce the Ca(OH) 2 after hydration, which are expected to activate the pozzolanic activity of blast furnace slag. This work recycled steel slag as an alkali activator for the activation of blast furnace slag and prepared a steel slag-blast …
In the last decades, gypsum-bearing industrial wastes become one of the common globally produced industrial and domestic wastes that are currently recycled and further utilized. In this study, the gypsum-bearing waste citrogypsum was used as a Ca2+-containing component to modify the properties of alkali-activated cement (AAC) based on …
The molten pig iron finally collects in the hearth of the blast furnace together with the slag, which is also liquid. Due to the higher density of the pig iron, the pig iron can be cut off at the lowest point of the blast furnace (called tapping). It has a high carbon content of about 4.5 %. Further accompanying elements are listed below ...
Approximately 15 to 40% of the steel slag output is initially stockpiled in the steel plants and, eventually, sent to slag disposal sites. Utilization of steel slag in civil engineering applications can alleviate the need for their disposal and reduce the use of natural resources. ... Silica rich blast-furnace slag vitrifies (forms a glassy ...
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a co-product of the iron and steel industry, formed in the blast furnaces that create iron out of iron ore. It has been used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete around the world since the end of the nineteenth century due to its technical properties (such as improving the concrete ...
Slag processing. George C. Wang, in The Utilization of Slag in Civil Infrastructure Construction, 2016 5.3 Blast furnace slag processing. Iron blast furnace slag results from the fusion of iron ore, fluxing materials, and coke; the reduction reactions; and the separation of iron from the ore. As indicated in Chapter 2, the term blast furnace slag is …
Blast Furnace Slag In the blast furnace, the slag floating over molten pig iron (hot metal) is flushed out in slag pot and then sent to slag granulating plant or to cooling pits. Depending upon the cooling process, three types of slags are generated, namely, air-cooled slag, granulated slag and expanded slag. Air-cooled slag is produced by ...
Steel slag is one of the most common waste products from the steelmaking industry. Conventional methods of slag disposal can cause negative impacts on humans and the environment. In this paper, the process of steel and steel slag production, physical and chemical properties, and potential options of slag recycling were reviewed. Since steel …
1. Introduction. Steel slag is the oxidized material that is generated when lime, dolomite, and other auxiliary materials are added, and oxygen is blown onto the pig iron produced by a blast furnace to remove carbon (C), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and other components to produce crude steel in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF).
The blast furnace slag order 2014 . Introduction This order, issued by the Environment Protection Authority (EPA) under clause 93 of ... disposal (application to land)' or clause 40 'waste disposal (thermal treatment)' of Schedule 1 of the POEO Act. 3. Duration 3.1. This order commences on 24 November 2014 and is valid until revoked by
Furthermore, the disposal costs for the generated concrete wastes are a substantial part of the total budget for any decommissioning project. Thus, the development of technologies effective for the reduction and recycling of CW has become an urgent agenda globally. ... Blast furnace slag (BFS) is an industrial byproduct containing a …
Carbon dioxide mineralization for the disposition of blast‐furnace slag is an important method for reducing CO2 emissions and simultaneously dealing with solid waste from the steel industry.
Blast furnace slag is one of the major byproducts of which fraction are approximately 50% of the total byproducts and wastes combined (Son, 2000). Depending on the cooling method applied to blast furnace slag, the slag is divided into two types: air-cooled blast furnace slag and GBFS.
Blast furnace slag and the waste gases from various stages in the steelmaking process already have a wide range of uses. For example, we have a partnership with Ecocem at our Dunkirk and Fos sites in France. Ecocem granulates blast furnace slag to create a partial replacement for Portland cement.
Industrialization leads to a range of environmental challenges related to the disposal and storage of by products, making the proper disposal of industrial waste a significant global concern. ... Blast furnace slag (BFS) is byproduct produced during the separation of iron from its ore in blast furnace in steel manufacturing industry. BFS ...
Recycling. Almost all of the blast furnace slag produced in the United States is reportedly utilized, and approximately 90 percent of this slag is ACBFS.
